Business Economics

The course deals with the concept of labor economics, the labor market and its elements, flexibility of labor supply, analysis of labor demand and its determinants, wages and their economic importance and theories, the relationship between wages and productivity, the possibility and methods of labor force planning, the industrial relations system and its impact on macroeconomic variables, human resource development in: its characteristics and labor market analysis.

The course covers the application of various statistical methods, including calculating the mean and variance, estimation and confidence limits, hypothesis testing and analysis of variance, index numbers, their types and how to measure them, and time series: components of time series, their uses, and analysis.

The course deals with the theoretical and applied basis of economic measurement, and includes: measurement theory for economic data, analysis and measurement methods, simple/multiple regression theory and its applications in economic fields: applications of demand, aggregate consumption, elasticities and costs, hypothesis testing, confidence range, standard forecasting, standard model and some standard problems.

The course deals with the components and characteristics of debt instruments in the monetary markets and in the capital markets, in addition to the classification of financial intermediaries between contractual depository and savings institutions and investment financial intermediation institutions, a study of the determinants of interest rates and their structure, and the theories that work to explain their behavior, the financial stock market, and the foreign exchange market and what is related to their behavior over time and measuring their performance and the factors that affect them. The role of the central bank in influencing the performance of each of them.

The course deals with international monetary and financial flows rather than international commodity flows, and covers the following main topics: the balance of payments and its main accounts and its relationship to the macroeconomy, the different methods for the balance of payments, foreign exchange rates and their markets, the different theories for determining foreign exchange rates, theories of domestic and external economic balance.

The course deals with the role of the government in various fields, especially its economic role, by studying the components of the state budget. This course focuses on the development of public expenditures and public revenues within the general budget and in accordance with the objectives of financial policy. It mainly examines the development of the role and functions of the state and its reflection on the increase and diversity of public expenditures, public revenues and economic effects. It also studies the methods of preparing the public budget and its various divisions while applying this to reality.

The course deals with the theoretical basis in microeconomics and its basic topics are: the theory of consumer behavior (demand), the theories of production and costs (supply), the theory of competitive economic markets, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and complete monopoly.

The course deals with macro theories and macroeconomic policies and includes the following topics: components of aggregate demand: consumption, investment, government spending, foreign trade, the Keynesian theory of demand for money and monetary market equilibrium, the classical integrated model, the overall balance of the economy using the LM-IS model, financial and monetary policies.

The course deals with what money and banks are, the development of monetary systems and the policies followed by the state in achieving its monetary goals. This course also focuses on the origin of money, the definition of its functions and types, its importance in different economic systems, the factors that affect the supply and demand of money, the quantitative theory of money, and modern monetary analysis. It also studies banks, their types and functions, the banking system, monetary policy and its tools, and the international monetary system.

The course deals with the development of economic thought through different eras and covers the science of economics and the various economic schools and their most important thinkers, such as the classical school (the free economic doctrine), ideal socialism, scientific socialism, neoclassical theory, Keynesian economic thought, and contemporary economic thought.

The course covers an introduction to the science of statistics, its development, statistical data, and how to obtain and summarize them with frequency tables and display them graphically and geometrically. It also includes descriptive statistical measures, which are measures of mediation, dispersion, skewness, and kurtosis, and the study of correlation and simple regression. It includes definitions and basic laws of probability and their applications in Bayesian theory and decision trees. And making decisions in risky conditions, in addition to some important statistical distributions such as the binomial distribution, the Poisson distribution, the normal distribution, and their applications.

The course deals with the definition of economics and its relationship to other sciences and the economic problem, theories of demand and supply, components of demand and supply and their importance, utility theory and equal curves, production function, and cost function, analysis of markets for goods and services in a state of perfect competition, complete monopoly, oligopoly, and monopolistic competition, distribution theory in terms of supply and demand of the elements of production under market structures.

The course deals with the basic principles of macroeconomics, gross national product accounts, analysis of the level of macroeconomic variables such as income, investment, saving, price level, and employment, the relationship of these variables with each other in the overall model, then the role of the government and its fiscal policy in the overall balance of the economy, and the study of the theory of distribution of national output, the differences between the elements of production, distribution problems, and how to solve them. Principles of aggregate equilibrium using aggregate supply and aggregate demand, the equilibrium level and components of Keynesian aggregate demand and the multiplier principle, principles of money, banking and monetary policy, international trade and the balance of payments

The course deals with mathematical analysis tools (mathematics, integration, and differentiation) and their economic applications. It includes the following topics: the demand and supply function, the production and cost function, maximizing production, profits, and utility, minimizing costs, the function with one variable and the function with two variables, and others.

The course deals with the analysis of issues of a strategic behavior nature, focusing on the concepts and terminology commonly used in game theory, zero-sum and non-zero-sum games, games with mixed strategies, solution by control, solution by Nash, matches with one stage, matches with several stages, repeated matches, and matches with incomplete information. In addition, this material will be rich in various economic applications of game theory