Philosophy

An in-depth study of one of the great philosophical figures in the history of philosophy, with an explanation of the thinker’s philosophy and its place in the history of thought.

Trends in Arab thought in the Renaissance: trends in civil, religious, political and social reform; Some contemporary intellectual trends in the Arab world, such as: Salafism, liberalism, nationalism, and Marxism; With a study of some of the figures of this thought.

The development of religious thought in ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Levant and its impact on Neoplatonic philosophy; Ancient Persian thought: Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism, Mazdakism; Indian thought; Chinese thought

Pre-Socratic Greek philosophy: Ionian philosophy, Eleatic philosophy, Pythagoreanism; Socrates, Plato, Aristotle.

thinking; critical thinking; Problem solving; perception; the language ; Description, inference, and judgment; building arguments; Inductive and deductive arguments, evaluating arguments; Material and formal fallacies; With texts that are analyzed and students are trained on them

The nature of the social and human sciences and the features of thinking about them; The logic of research and the problem of method in the social sciences; Some models of social interpretation: the individualistic Holstian methodology, the deductive model and the intentional model; The problem of rationality and objectivity in the social sciences and humanities.

The nature of language. Theories of Wittgenstein, Austin, Lukacs and others. Meaning and truth: theories of Stevenson, Hare, Harrison and others. Meta-language theories

Boundaries and issues; direct inference; Aristotelian analogy: its rules and forms. Translating arguments from colloquial language into the standard form; Formal and material fallacies; Functions of conjunction, immanence, separation, and equivalence; Calculation of issues; Rules of inference

This course deals with social, ethical and political issues from a philosophical perspective, such as social justice, democracy and human rights, and the concept of war and peace.

Free will and determinism, the existence of God, moral knowledge, a priori and a posteriori knowledge, scientific explanation